Alloy 配置语法

Grafana Alloy 使用 Alloy 配置语法动态配置和连接组件。Alloy 收集、转换和交付遥测数据。每个配置组件执行特定任务或定义数据流和组件连接。

以下示例演示了基本概念以及 Alloy 配置如何形成一个管道。

// Collection: mount a local directory with a certain path spec
local.file_match "applogs" {
    path_targets = [{"__path__" = "/tmp/app-logs/app.log"}]
}

// Collection: Take the file match as input, and scrape those mounted log files
loki.source.file "local_files" {
    targets    = local.file_match.applogs.targets

    // This specifies which component should process the logs next, the "link in the chain"
    forward_to = [loki.process.add_new_label.receiver]
}

// Transformation: pull some data out of the log message, and turn it into a label
loki.process "add_new_label" {
    stage.logfmt {
        mapping = {
            "extracted_level" = "level",
        }
    }

    // Add the value of "extracted_level" from the extracted map as a "level" label
    stage.labels {
        values = {
            "level" = "extracted_level",
        }
    }

    // The next link in the chain is the local_loki "receiver" (receives the telemetry)
    forward_to = [loki.write.local_loki.receiver]
}

// Anything that comes into this component gets written to the loki remote API
loki.write "local_loki" {
    endpoint {
        url = "http://loki:3100/loki/api/v1/push"
    }
}

Alloy 语法通过使文件更易于阅读和编写来减少配置错误。它使用块、属性和表达式。您可以从文档中复制和粘贴块以快速入门。

Alloy 语法是声明性的，因此组件、块和属性的顺序无关紧要。组件之间的关系决定了管道的操作顺序。

块

使用 *块* 来配置组件和属性组。每个块可以包含属性或嵌套块。块代表管道中的步骤。

prometheus.remote_write "default" {
  endpoint {
    url = "https://:9009/api/prom/push"
  }
}

前面的示例包含两个块

prometheus.remote_write "default"：一个带标签的块，用于创建 prometheus.remote_write 组件。标签是字符串 "default"。
endpoint：组件内部的一个无标签块，用于配置发送指标的端点。此块设置 url 属性来指定端点。